Voicy初の公式英語ニュースチャンネル「Voicy News Brief with articles from New York Times」。チャンネルでは、バイリンガルパーソナリティがThe New York Timesの記事を英語で２つ読み、記事の中に出てくる単語を日本語で解説しています。

Voicy Journalでは、毎週金曜日にその週に読んだ記事を、まとめて紹介します！１週間の終わりに、その週の放送をもう１度聞いて復習するのも良いかもしれません。VoicyのPCページやアプリでは、再生速度も変えられるので、自分の理解度に応じて、調整してみましょう。

6/1(月)の放送

Sprawling Protest Movement Treads Line Between Justice Agenda and Chaos

著者：John Eligon, Matt Furber and Campbell Robertson
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

MINNEAPOLIS — The nation woke Saturday to extraordinary images of chaos and unrest from outside the White House gates to the streets of more than two dozen besieged cities, as outrage over the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis traversed a razor’s edge between protest and civic meltdown.

As state and local leaders braced for more protests over the weekend, they called for calm and vowed to react strongly to protesters who defied the law.

Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota said Saturday he was activating thousands of National Guard troops — up to 13,200 — to control protesters in Minneapolis who turned out in droves for the fourth night in a row Friday, burning buildings to the ground, firing guns near the police and overwhelming officers. In addition, the Pentagon ordered the Army to prepare active-duty military police units to deploy to Minneapolis, if needed.

Rallies, looting and unrest expanded far beyond Minneapolis, with protesters destroying police vehicles in Atlanta and New York and blocking major streets in California and Detroit. Crowds in Milwaukee chanted, “I can’t breathe”; and demonstrators in Portland, Oregon, lit a fire inside the Multnomah County Justice Center. Demonstrators poured into the streets near the Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, vandalizing CNN’s headquarters.

As governors and mayors urged restraint, President Donald Trump’s initial reaction Saturday came in tweets that praised the Secret Service for protecting the White House, taunted protesters and assailed Democratic officials.

There was a sense of a nation on the brink.

The protests continued with new ferocity even after Derek Chauvin, the former Minneapolis police officer who was shown on a cellphone video kneeling on Floyd’s neck as he lost consciousness, was charged with third-degree murder.

Some warned that some agitators, largely white, were trying to undermine the protests.

Jeremiah Ellison, a Minneapolis city councilman, tweeted that community members told him that “three suspicious white men” started a fire at a well-known barbershop on the city’s predominantly black North Side. “I have a hard time believing ANYONE who lives here would set it ablaze,” he wrote.

In neighboring St. Paul, Mayor Melvin Carter said every person arrested Friday was from out of state.

tread 歩く、歩いて進む
besiege〔人の周りに〕殺到する、取り囲む
traverse 越える
brace for ～に備える
in droves 集団で、ぞろぞろと、群れを成して
looting〔戦争・暴動などに乗じた〕略奪
chant 〔大声で〕繰り返し言う
vandalize〔故意に〕破壊する
taunt 嘲る、なじる
ferocity 凶暴性、残忍な行為
set ablaze 燃え立たせる

SpaceX Lifts NASA Astronauts to Orbit, Launching New Era of Spaceflight

著者：Kenneth Chang
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — The United States opened a new era of human space travel Saturday as a private company for the first time launched astronauts into orbit, nearly a decade after the government retired the storied space shuttle program in the aftermath of national tragedy.

Two American astronauts lifted off at 3:22 p.m. from a familiar setting, the same Florida launch pad that once served Apollo missions and the space shuttles. But the rocket and capsule that lofted them out of the atmosphere were a new sight for many — built and operated not by NASA but by SpaceX, the company founded by billionaire Elon Musk to pursue his dream of sending colonists to Mars.

Crowds of spectators, including President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence, watched and cheered as the countdown ticked to zero, and the engines of a Falcon 9 rocket roared to life.

Rising slowly at first, the rocket then shot like a sleek, silvery javelin into humid skies, three days after an earlier launch was canceled because of concerns about lightning and other unsafe weather.

It was a moment of triumph and perhaps nostalgia for the country, a welcome reminder of America’s global preeminence in science, technological innovation and private enterprise at a time its prospects and ambitions have been clouded by the coronavirus pandemic, economic uncertainty and political strife. Millions around the world watched the launch online and on television, many from self-imposed quarantine in their homes.

Trump, who watched from a rooftop at the space center, called it “an inspiration for our country.”

The Falcon 9 carried a Crew Dragon capsule, guided by teams of SpaceX personnel in control centers in Florida and Hawthorne, California. It was scheduled to rendezvous with the International Space Station on Sunday morning.

Aboard are two veterans of the astronauts corps, Robert Behnken and Douglas Hurley. NASA selected the two men along with a group of their colleagues to be the first customers of space capsules built by private companies.

It was the first launch of NASA astronauts from the U.S. since the retirement of the space shuttles in 2011. In the years since, NASA has paid Russia’s space program to transport its astronauts to the space station.

loft 打ち上げる
javelin やり投げ競技用のやり
preeminence 卓越
prospect 見通し
strife 衝突、対立
rendezvous with 約束の場所で（人）と会う

6/2(火)の放送

America Braces for Another Night of Protest.

著者：The New York Times
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

In Boston, thousands of people took to streets and parks in peaceful protests against police brutality. In Minneapolis, a tanker truck sped into a crowd on a highway overpass as hundreds of demonstrators scattered for safety. And in New York, a tense mood followed a night of street battles, burned cars and hundreds of arrests.

The United States remained a tinderbox of emotion, anger and continued violence Sunday, the sixth day of nationwide unrest since the death of yet another black man at the hands of the police. The death of the man, George Floyd, last week in Minneapolis set off days of protracted protest that have swept across the country, with tumultuous demonstrations from New York City to Los Angeles and dozens of cities in between.

In Santa Monica, California, looters shoved aside barricades to vandalize and ransack stores Sunday, while in nearby Huntington Beach, protesters against police brutality clashed with right-wing groups. And in Louisville, Kentucky, a tense confrontation in the middle of a crowded street was partially defused when a black woman stepped forward and offered a policeman in riot gear a hug. They embraced for nearly a minute.

In Washington, thousands of protesters gathered again near the White House, where an angry crowd Friday night had so unnerved the Secret Service that agents abruptly rushed President Donald Trump to an underground bunker used in the past during terrorist attacks.

Philadelphia announced a 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. curfew after a day of protests and looting there, while Washington’s mayor set one for 11 p.m. and Arizona’s governor declared a state of emergency and ordered a nightly 8 p.m. curfew that he said would be in place for a week

At least 75 cities have seen protests in recent days, and the number of mayors and governors imposing curfews — already more than two dozen — continued to grow. It is the first time so many local leaders have simultaneously issued such orders in the face of civic unrest since 1968, after the assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Sunday’s protests marked the sixth day of outrage since Floyd died as a white police officer — since fired and charged with third-degree murder — pinned his knee on Floyd’s neck for nearly nine minutes.

brutality 残忍性
overpass 高架交差路
tinderbox 火口箱、〔一触即発の〕危険な地域
tumultuous 騒々しい、大騒ぎの
shove〔乱暴に〕～をグイッと押す
ransack 荒らし回る
defuse〔危険など〕取り除く、鎮める
riot gear 暴徒鎮圧用の装備
unnerve の気力［自信］をなくさせる

In Hong Kong, China Threatens Businesses and Workers

著者：Alexandra Stevenson
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

HONG KONG — China and its allies are using threats and pressure to get business to back Beijing’s increasingly hard-line stance toward Hong Kong, leading companies to muzzle or intimidate workers who speak out in protest.

Leung Chun-ying, Hong Kong’s former top leader, on Friday called for a boycott of HSBC, the London bank, because it had not publicly backed Beijing’s push to enact a new national security law covering the territory.

“Neither China nor Hong Kong owes HSBC anything,” he wrote in a Facebook post. “HSBC’s businesses in China can be replaced overnight by banks from China and from other countries.”

Days earlier, a union representing financial workers filed complaints with Hong Kong financial regulators alleging that two Chinese banks had pressured their employees to sign a petition supporting the law.

“Such behavior by a supervisor to compel employees to take political sides could be considered abusive,” the union wrote in letters to local officials.

Lawyers, bankers, professors and other professionals interviewed by The New York Times described a growing culture of fear in offices across the city. Employees face pressure to support pro-Beijing candidates in local elections and echo the Chinese government’s official line. Those who speak out can be punished or even forced out.

China and the United States are clashing over the future of Hong Kong, and global businesses are caught in the middle. President Donald Trump on Friday said he would begin rolling back the special trade and financial privileges that the United States extends to Hong Kong after Chinese leaders pushed through the plan to enact the national security law, which critics fear will curtail the city’s independent judicial system and civil liberties.

Hong Kong’s success as a global financial hub stems from its status as a bridge between China’s economic miracle and the rest of the world. Now that balance is looking increasingly precarious.

Protests erupted last year after Hong Kong’s unpopular Beijing-backed government tried to give Chinese authorities more say in the city’s affairs. As it has pressured business to take its side, China has used access to its vast market as an incentive to toe the Communist Party line.

“We’ve seen a rapid deterioration in free expression in Hong Kong since the anti-government protests began,” said Jason Ng, a former lawyer for BNP Paribas, the French bank.

muzzle 口止めする、～の口を封じる
enact〔法律などを〕制定する、成立させる
petition 請願（書）、嘆願（書）
abusive〔言葉遣い・態度が〕悪い、口汚い
extend〔親切・援助などを〕与える、施す、差し伸べる
curtail〔人から権利などを〕奪う、取り上げる
precarious 不安定な、危ない
toe the line 規則に従う
deterioration〔品質や価値などの〕悪化、劣化、低下

6/3(水)の放送

Facebook Employees Stage Virtual Walkout to Protest Trump Posts

著者：Sheera Frenkel, Mike Isaac, Cecilia Kang and Gabriel J.X. Dance
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

OAKLAND, Calif. — Hundreds of Facebook employees, in rare public criticism Monday of their own company, protested executives’ decision not to do anything about inflammatory posts that President Donald Trump had placed on the giant social media platform over the past week.

Many of the employees, who said they refused to work in order to show their support for demonstrators across the country, added an automated message to their digital profiles and email responses saying that they were out of the office in a show of protest.

Inside the company, staff members have circulated petitions and threatened to resign, and a number of employees wrote publicly about their unhappiness on Twitter and elsewhere. More than a dozen current and former employees have described the unrest as the most serious challenge to the leadership of Mark Zuckerberg, the chief executive, since the company was founded 15 years ago.

Zuckerberg has argued on a number of occasions that Facebook should take a hands-off approach to what people post, including lies from elected officials and others in power.

That stand was tested last week when Twitter added fact-check and warning labels to two tweets from the president that broke Twitter’s rules around voter suppression and glorification of violence. But Zuckerberg said Trump’s posts did not violate the social network’s rules.

“Personally, I have a visceral negative reaction to this kind of divisive and inflammatory rhetoric,” Zuckerberg said in a post to his Facebook page Friday. “But I’m responsible for reacting not just in my personal capacity but as the leader of an institution committed to free expression.”

Zuckerberg spoke briefly with Trump in a telephone call Friday, according to two people familiar with the matter. The call, which was previously reported by Axios, was described as “productive,” though it was not clear what was said.

In response to the walkout Monday, Zuckerberg has moved his weekly meeting with employees to Tuesday from Thursday.

Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg, the company’s chief operating officer, planned to host a call Monday evening with civil rights leaders who have lashed out publicly against Facebook’s protection of Trump’s posts. The call was expected to include Vanita Gupta of the National Leadership Conference, Rashad Robinson of Color of Change and Sherrilyn Ifill of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund.

inflammatory〔演説・記事などが〕怒りをかき立てる、扇動的な
hands-off 口出ししない、干渉しない
glorification 賛美
visceral 感情をあらわにした、心の底からの
lash out（人）を口［言葉］で攻撃する

Black Workers, Already Lagging, Face Big Economic Risks

著者：Jeanna Smialek and Jim Tankersley
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

WASHINGTON — The coronavirus recession has hit black Americans particularly hard, amplifying racial inequalities that may worsen as the economy begins what is expected to be a slow climb back to where it was before the crisis.

Black Americans have been slightly more likely to lose jobs or income in the recession that took root as states locked down their economies. They are more worried about the financial toll from the virus than white Americans and have far fewer resources available to ride it out, given that they earn less money and have had less ability to build wealth. And they are dying at higher rates from the virus than whites.

Unemployment rates for black workers had dipped to an all-time low just before the pandemic, a piece of good news. The pandemic has swiftly ended that era.

As the prospects for a rapid recovery dwindle and Americans face what could be a prolonged stretch of high unemployment and suppressed income growth, black households are confronting the prospect of a widening economic chasm.

Workers across racial and ethnic groups have seen unemployment shoot higher in the pandemic, but many black workers fall into two fraught categories: They are either essential workers on the front lines, exposed to the virus, or they have lost their jobs. Black workers make up 11.9% of all employees but 17% of front-line workers, one study found.

“We need to recognize that unless we are OK with black and brown families always bearing the burden of these sorts of things, we need to address the underlying disparities,” said Valerie Wilson, an economist at the left-leaning Economic Policy Institute.

“Unemployment has tended to go up much faster for minorities, and for others who tend to be at the low end of the income spectrum,” Jerome H. Powell, the Fed chair, said at a news conference in late April. “Everyone is suffering here. But I think those who are least able to bear it are the ones who are losing their jobs, and losing their incomes and have little cushion to protect them in times like that.”

toll〔事故や災害の〕犠牲者、損害
dwindle 縮小する、減少する
chasm〔感情や利害などの〕隔たり、亀裂
fraught〔状況・雰囲気などが〕緊張をはらんだ、緊迫［切迫］した
spectrum〔思想や活動などの〕範囲、領域

6/4(木)の放送

Trump’s Response to Protests Draws Bipartisan Rebuke in Congress

著者：Catie Edmondson
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

WASHINGTON — Democratic leaders in Congress and a pair of Republicans on Tuesday condemned President Donald Trump for his response to protests around the country and in the capital, the day after peaceful demonstrators were gassed in front of the White House so he could pose for a photograph with a Bible.

The rare bipartisan rebukes reflected a broad sense of alarm at the president’s behavior as protests of police violence and racial discrimination reach a boiling point throughout the country. They followed a remarkable spectacle that unfolded Monday evening, when the police fired flash-bang explosions and tear gas and used officers on horseback to drive away peaceful protesters as Trump appeared in the Rose Garden and threatened to send the United States military into states where governors could not bring protests under control.

He then left the White House and, with Attorney General William Barr and other aides, crossed a park that had been cleared of demonstrators to have his picture taken holding the Bible outside a historic church that had been vandalized in the unrest.

Speaker Nancy Pelosi urged the president to focus on “a time to heal,” adding that the aggressive scene that played out in Washington on Monday had “no place” in the nation’s capital.

“We would hope that the president of the United States would follow the lead of so many other presidents and be a healer in chief,” Pelosi said, “and not a fanner of the flame.”

At least two Republicans joined in the criticism of the president’s actions.

“There is no right to riot, no right to destroy others’ property and no right to throw rocks at police,” Sen. Ben Sasse, R-Neb., said in a statement. “But there is a fundamental — a constitutional — right to protest, and I’m against clearing out a peaceful protest for a photo op that treats the word of God as a political prop.”

His comments echoed those of Sen. Tim Scott of South Carolina, the only black Republican in the Senate, who denounced the move in unequivocal terms during an event hosted by Politico.

bipartisan 2党の、2派の、超党派の
rebuke 叱責、懲戒、非難
photo op=photo opportunity シャッター・チャンス、カメラチャンス
unequivocal はっきりした、明白な
term 言葉遣い、言い回し

Zuckerberg Defends Hands-Off Approach to Trump’s Posts

著者：Mike Isaac, Cecilia Kang and Sheera Frenkel
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

SAN FRANCISCO — Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, on Tuesday stood firmly behind his decision not to do anything about President Donald Trump’s inflammatory posts on the social network, saying that he had made a “tough decision” but that it “was pretty thorough.”

In a question-and-answer session with employees conducted over video chat software, Zuckerberg sought to justify his position, which has led to fierce internal dissent. The meeting, which had been scheduled for Thursday, was moved up to Tuesday after hundreds of employees protested the inaction by staging a virtual “walkout” Monday.

Facebook’s principles and policies supporting free speech “show that the right action where we are right now is to leave this up,” Zuckerberg said on the call, referring to Trump’s posts. The audio of the employee call was heard by The New York Times.

Zuckerberg said that although he knew many people would be upset with Facebook, a policy review backed up his decision. He added that after he made his determination, he received a phone call from Trump on Friday.

“I used that opportunity to make him know I felt this post was inflammatory and harmful, and let him know where we stood on it,” Zuckerberg told Facebook employees. But although he voiced displeasure to the president, he reiterated that Trump’s message did not break the social network’s guidelines.

The Facebook chief held firm even as the pressure on him to rein in Trump’s messages intensified. Civil rights groups said late Monday after meeting with Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg, Facebook’s chief operating officer, that it was “totally confounding” that the company was not taking a tougher stand on Trump’s posts, which are often aggressive and have heightened tensions over protests on police violence in recent days.

Several Facebook employees have resigned over the lack of action.

The internal dissent began brewing last week after Facebook’s rival, Twitter, added labels to Trump’s tweets that indicated the president was glorifying violence and making inaccurate statements. The same messages that Trump posted to Twitter also appeared on Facebook.

The call Tuesday did little to soothe the feelings of employees.

“It’s crystal clear today that leadership refuses to stand with us,” Brandon Dail, a Facebook engineer, tweeted about the call.

thorough 徹底的な、完全な、綿密な
dissent 意見の相違、異議
reiterate ～を何度も繰り返し言う
rein in ～を抑制する
confound 混乱させる、悪化させる、複雑にする
brew 起ころうとしている

6/5(金)の放送

Trump Administration Selects Five Coronavirus Vaccine Candidates as Finalists

著者：Noah Weiland and David E. Sanger
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

WASHINGTON — The Trump administration has selected five companies as the most likely candidates to produce a vaccine for the coronavirus, senior officials said, a critical step in the White House’s effort to deliver on its promise of being able to start widespread inoculation of Americans by the end of the year.

By winnowing the field in a matter of weeks from a pool of around a dozen companies, the federal government is betting that it can identify the most promising vaccine projects at an early stage, speed along the process of determining which will work and ensure that the winner or winners can be quickly manufactured in huge quantities and distributed across the country.

The announcement of the decision will be made at the White House in the next few weeks, government officials said.

The five companies are Moderna, a Massachusetts-based biotechnology firm; the combination of Oxford University and AstraZeneca; and three large pharmaceutical companies: Johnson & Johnson, Merck and Pfizer. Each is taking a somewhat different approach.

President Donald Trump has been eager to show rapid progress as the nation slowly emerges from lockdown and as he faces the growing challenge of winning reelection in the midst of national upheaval: more than 106,000 Americans dead from the virus, unemployment at record levels, and now discord and violence in the streets.

Despite promising early results and the administration’s strong interest in nurturing a government-industry partnership, substantial hurdles remain, and many scientists consider Trump’s goal of having a vaccine widely available by early next year to be optimistic, if not unrealistic. Vaccine development is notoriously difficult and time-consuming; the record is four years, and a decade is not unusual.

The project — called Operation Warp Speed — amounts to a sprawling, on-the-fly experiment in industrial policy by a Republican administration that has been otherwise dedicated to giving private industry a free hand.

Democrats in Congress are already seeking details about the contracts with the companies, many of which are still wrapped in secrecy. They are asking how much Americans will have to pay to be vaccinated and whether the firms, or American taxpayers, will retain the profits and intellectual property.

Several of the companies said that they did not want to speak before any announcement by the White House, and the others did not respond to requests for comment.

winnowing 良いものをえり分けること
in a matter of ほんの～で
upheaval 大混乱、大変動、激変
discord 不和、不一致、心のぶつかり合い、仲たがい
notoriously 悪名高くも

Trump Administration to Block Chinese Airlines From Flying to the U.S.

著者：Niraj Chokshi and Ana Swanson
(c) 2020 The New York Times Company

The Trump administration said Wednesday it would block Chinese passenger airlines from flying into or out of the United States starting June 16 in retaliation for a similar ban by the Chinese government on U.S. companies, further escalating tensions between the world’s two biggest economies.

Relations between the countries have deteriorated sharply in recent weeks as officials scuffled over the origin of the pandemic and China’s move to tighten its authority over Hong Kong. With the election just five months away, President Donald Trump and his campaign have taken a much tougher stand against China.

The aviation dispute threatens to further chill economic relations and disrupt business ties between the United States and China. Flights between the countries were already sharply curtailed by the pandemic and Chinese restrictions on foreign airlines that effectively halted trips by United Airlines, Delta Air Lines and American Airlines, the major U.S. carriers that go there.

China’s aviation regulators said March 26 they would limit foreign carriers to one flight per week based on schedules that were in place earlier that month. But those three airlines had already stopped service to the country by then because of the coronavirus. Chinese airlines continued to fly to U.S. cities.

The Chinese restrictions became a problem only in recent weeks, as Delta and United sought to resume flights to China in June. Both carriers appealed to the Civil Aviation Authority of China but did not receive a response. U.S. Transportation Department officials also pressed Chinese officials to change their position during a call May 14, arguing t China was in violation of a 40-year-old agreement that governs flights between the two countries and calls for rules that “equally apply to all domestic and foreign carriers” in both countries.

China’s aviation authority told American officials that it was considering amending its rule, but it has not said “definitively” when that might happen, the Transportation Department said in the filing Wednesday announcing its decision to suspend flights.

Delta said it still hoped to restart flights to China as soon as next week, pending approval, and that the airline appreciated the federal government’s intervention. United said it would fly to China “when the regulatory environment allows us to do so.”

scuffle 取っ組み合う、乱闘する
aviation 航空、飛行
curtail 〔価値や期間などを〕削減する、縮小する