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9/6(月)の放送の英文記事と英単語：自由民主党、同盟者、招集される

Japan’s Prime Minister to Step Aside After Just a Year in Office

revolving-door 　人の入れ替わりの激しい
Liberal Democratic Party 　自由民主党、自民党
hastily 　急いで、急きょ
convene 　招集される、開かれる、開催される　(同) assemble, call
salvage 　引き揚げる、救い出す、救出する (同) reclaim, recover
dissolve 　(組織・議会などを) 解散する
culminate 　(～に) 終わる、結果的に(～に) なる
iconoclast 　聖像破壊者、因習打破主義者
(伝統的な考えや慣例を破壊しようとする人)
ally 　同盟者、支持者、協力者

著者：Motoko Rich
(c) 2021 The New York Times Company

TOKYO — Less than a year after becoming prime minister of Japan, Yoshihide Suga said Friday that he would not seek reelection as the head of its governing party, raising the prospect of a return to the revolving-door leadership that once characterized the top office of the world’s third-largest economy.

Suga, 72, assumed the prime ministership after Shinzo Abe, Japan’s longest-serving prime minister, resigned in August 2020 because of ill health. But Japan’s struggles with the coronavirus left Suga deeply unpopular.

Suga had been a behind-the-scenes operator in the governing Liberal Democratic Party, which has dominated Japanese politics for decades. A deeply uncharismatic leader who struggled to connect with the public, he often looked uncomfortable as a public-facing leader.

The winner of a party leadership race that begins Sept. 17 will most likely be designated prime minister by Japan’s parliament and then lead the party into a general election that must be held by late next month.

At a hastily convened news conference Friday afternoon, Suga said he wanted to focus on managing the pandemic rather than running a reelection campaign. With the party leadership contest approaching, he said, “I realized that I need enormous energy.”

“I cannot do both,” he said. “I have to choose one.”

In the days before his surprise announcement, Suga appeared to be trying to salvage his leadership. When a rival, former Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida, announced last month that he would stand for the party leadership, rumors circulated that Suga might dissolve parliament early and call a general election in a last-ditch effort to retain his position. He had also suggested that he would reshuffle his Cabinet and other leadership positions within the party.

The race to replace Suga as party leader culminates in a vote on Sept. 29.

Kishida was the only declared candidate this week, though a former communications minister, Sanae Takaichi — who was one of the few female members of Abe’s Cabinet — has expressed interest. A few hours after Suga made his announcement, Taro Kono, a more liberal-leaning iconoclast who has served as foreign and defense minister and has more recently led the vaccine rollout, said he was consulting with allies about whether to run.

This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

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9/7(火)の放送の英文記事と英単語：支持者、法執行機関、国外追放

After Stabbing Attack, New Zealand Examines Its Anti-Terrorism Efforts

sympathizer 支持者
lapse [動] （権利などが）消滅する，失効する
law enforcement official(s) 法執行機関(の当局者)
take someone into custody （人）を拘束［保護・検挙］する
avenue 手段、方法
flashpoint （事件などの）発火点、一触即発の場所
assailant 攻撃者
deportation 国外追放
play out 展開する

著者：Natasha Frost
(c) 2021 The New York Times Company

AUCKLAND, New Zealand — When Ahamed Aathill Mohamed Samsudeen grabbed a knife at a Countdown supermarket Friday in West Auckland and began stabbing shoppers, the police were just outside.

They had followed him there. They had, in fact, been following him for months, since he was released from prison. Officials at the highest levels of New Zealand’s government knew about Samsudeen, an Islamic State group sympathizer — including Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, who had received briefings about his case.

Samsudeen, whose name was made public Saturday night after a New Zealand court order lapsed, was considered so dangerous that on the very day he wounded seven people at the supermarket and was shot dead by the police, Ardern’s government had been trying to expedite counterterrorism legislation in Parliament to give law enforcement officials a legal way to take him back into custody.

“Agencies used every tool available to them to protect innocent people from this individual,” Ardern said at a news conference Saturday afternoon. “Every legal avenue was tried.”

Three of the people wounded in the attack were in critical condition Saturday.

New Zealand has low and declining crime rates and is far from the flashpoints of global terrorism. But questions about how the country handles potential assailants have grown in volume since 2019, after an anti-Muslim terrorist murdered 51 people at two mosques in the city of Christchurch.

Now, like other countries, New Zealand is grappling with the trade-offs between monitoring suspects and preventing terrorist attacks, and with concerns about containing the power of the government and the police to surveil and detain people based on suspicions.

Samsudeen, who was a Sri Lankan national, traveled to New Zealand on a student visa in 2011. A Tamil Muslim, he was granted refugee status in 2013. Four years later, in 2017, Samsudeen was arrested at the airport in Auckland on suspicion of planning to travel to Syria to join the Islamic State militant group. He subsequently spent three years in prison on a variety of charges.

Officials had taken steps toward removing Samsudeen from New Zealand in 2018 and 2019. But a deportation appeal process was still playing out at the time of the attack, with a hearing scheduled for this month after delays because of an earlier criminal trial and because of coronavirus restrictions.

This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

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9/8(水)の放送の英文記事と英単語：社会的正義、批判する、敵意を持った

NFL Will Allow Six Social Justice Messages on Players’ Helmets

social justice　社会的正義
it takes〜　〜を要する
set off　引き起こす
criticize　批判する
hostile　敵意を持った、非友好的な
backlash　反発、反感
spurn　突っぱねる、追い出す

著者：Michael Levenson
(c) 2021 The New York Times Company

The NFL will allow players to display messages of social justice on their helmets and will stencil the slogans “It Takes All of Us” and “End Racism” on the end zones at every field as part of an effort to show solidarity with the protest movements against racism and police brutality, league officials said.

As the league prepares for the first game of the season Thursday, an NFL spokesperson said players would be allowed to choose a decal with one of six messages to place on the back of their helmets: “End Racism,” “Stop Hate,” “It Takes All of Us,” “Black Lives Matter,” “Inspire Change” and “Say Their Stories.”

Last season, the NFL also allowed players to display messages such as “Stop Hate” and “Black Lives Matter” on their helmets, as well as the names of Black people, such as George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Trayvon Martin and Ahmaud Arbery, whose deaths set off widespread protests.

The efforts represent a continued shift for the league, which in the past had been criticized as slow to support, or as hostile to, players who had demonstrated against racism and police violence.

About 70% of active players on the league’s rosters are Black, and league officials have been trying to show unity with those who have demonstrated against injustice, particularly after the murder of Floyd in May 2020.

“It’s an opportunity to highlight messages that are important to the league, players and personnel and our communities,” Brian McCarthy, the NFL spokesperson, said Saturday. “We’ve seen tremendous work done by our players to make an impact, and we can increase that through the high-visibility platform that the NFL provides.”

The efforts have been shadowed by the specter of Colin Kaepernick, the onetime quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers who in 2016 began kneeling during the national anthem to protest police brutality against African Americans.

Kaepernick and others who knelt during the anthem set off an intense backlash by some fans and conservatives, including then-President Donald Trump, who accused them of being unpatriotic.

Kaepernick left the 49ers in 2017 and has not been signed by any team since. In 2019, he reached a multimillion-dollar settlement over his claim that the league had spurned him because of his protests.

This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

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9/9(木)の放送の英文記事と英単語：反対、物件差し押さえ、ギグワーカー

Unemployment Benefits Expire for Millions Without Pushback from Biden

pushback 反対、延期
bank on 当てにする、頼る
foreclosure 物件差し押さえ
gig workers ギグワーカー
assail 激しく攻撃する
contend 論争する、争う
call on に訴える、要求する
wane 衰える、なくなる

著者：Jim Tankersley and Ben Casselman
(c) 2021 The New York Times Company

WASHINGTON — Expanded unemployment benefits that have kept millions of Americans afloat during the pandemic expired Monday, setting up the abrupt cutoff of assistance to 7.5 million people as the delta variant rattles the pandemic recovery.

The end of the aid came without objection from President Joe Biden or his top economic advisers, who have become caught in a political fight over the benefits and are now banking on other federal help and a pickup this fall in hiring to keep vulnerable families from foreclosure and food lines.

The $1.9 trillion economic aid package Biden signed in March included extended and expanded benefits for unemployed workers, including a weekly $300 federal supplement to state jobless payments, additional weeks of assistance for the long-term unemployed and the extension of a special program to provide benefits to so-called gig workers who traditionally do not qualify for unemployment benefits. Monday’s expiration means that 7.5 million people will lose their benefits entirely and another 3 million will lose the weekly $300 supplement.

Republicans and small-business owners have assailed the extension of aid, contending that it has held back the economic recovery and fueled a labor shortage by discouraging people from looking for work. Liberal Democrats and progressive groups have pushed for another round of aid, saying millions of Americans remain vulnerable and in need of help.

Biden and his advisers have pointedly refused to call on Congress to extend the benefits further, a decision that reflects the prevailing view of the recovery inside the administration and the president’s desire to shift his political focus to winning support for his broader economic agenda.

Biden’s most senior economic advisers say the economy is in the process of completing a handoff between federal assistance and the labor market: As support from the March stimulus law wanes, they say, more and more Americans are set to return to work, drawing paychecks that will power consumer spending in the place of jobless benefits, direct checks to workers and other government aid.

And Biden is pushing Congress this month to pass two halves of a multitrillion-dollar agenda focused on longer-run economic growth: a bipartisan infrastructure bill and a larger, partisan spending bill to invest in child care, education, carbon reduction and more. That push leaves no political oxygen for an additional short-term aid bill, which White House officials insist the economy does not need.

This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

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9/10(金)の放送の英文記事と英単語：二大政党提携の、風車、前例

From 4% to 45%: Biden Sets an Ambitious Blueprint for Solar Energy

Electric grid 送電網
Precedent 前例
Stave off 食い止める
Laid out 展開された、設計された
Wind turbine 風車
Bipartisan 二大政党提携の

著者：Ivan Penn
(c) 2021 The New York Times Company

The Biden administration on Wednesday released a blueprint showing how the nation could move toward producing almost half of its electricity from the sun by 2050 — a potentially big step toward fighting climate change but one that would require vast upgrades to the electric grid.

There is little historical precedent for expanding solar energy, which contributed less than 4% of the country’s electricity last year, as quickly as the Energy Department outlined in a new report. To achieve that growth, the country would have to double the amount of solar energy installed every year over the next four years and then double it again by 2030.

Such a large increase, laid out in the report, is in line with what most climate scientists say is needed to stave off the worst effects of global warming. It would require a vast transformation in technology, the energy industry and the way people live.

The report is consistent with climate and energy plans laid out by Biden during his campaign last year, when he said he wanted to bring net planet-warming emissions from the power sector to zero by 2035. He also wants to add hundreds of offshore wind turbines to the seven in American waters. And last month, he announced that he wanted half of all new cars sold be electric by 2030 in a White House event with executives from three of the nation’s largest automakers — a goal that will depend in large part on whether there will be enough places to plug in those cars.

But it is not clear how hard the administration will push to advance solar energy through legislation and regulations. Officials have provided only a broad outline for how they hope to clean up the country’s energy system. Many details will ultimately be decided by Congress, which is working on a bipartisan infrastructure bill and a much larger Democratic measure that could authorize $3.5 trillion in federal spending.

Still, the Energy Department said its calculations showed that solar panels had fallen so much in cost that they could produce 40% of the country’s electricity by 2035 — enough to power all American homes — and 45% by 2050.

This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

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